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A visualization tool for continuous reference intervals based on GAMLSS

Automated sex and age partitioning for the estimation of reference intervals using a regression tree model

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Only anonymized data may be uploaded to this application. This application is provided “as is” and “as available”, without any express or implied warranties of any kind. No warranty is given regarding the accuracy, completeness, reliability, or timeliness of the results.

The results are provided for informational and research purposes only and must not be used for diagnosis, treatment, prevention, or any form of clinical or medical decision-making. This application is not a medical device or medical product and does not replace professional medical advice.

To the fullest extent permitted by law, the author disclaims all liability for any direct, indirect, incidental, consequential, or special damages arising from the use of this application or its results.

Use of this application is entirely at your own risk.

References

Abbreviations

RI = Reference Intervals

CI = Confidence Intervals

Data

David A Colantonio, Lianna Kyriakopoulou, Man Khun Chan, Caitlin H Daly, Davor Brinc, Allison A Venner, Maria D Pasic, David Armbruster, Khosrow Adeli, Closing the Gaps in Pediatric Laboratory Reference Intervals: A CALIPER Database of 40 Biochemical Markers in a Healthy and Multiethnic Population of Children, Clinical Chemistry, Volume 58, Issue 5, 1 May 2012, Pages 854–868, https://doi.org/10.1373/clinchem.2011.177741

GAMLSS

Rigby R.A. and Stasinopoulos D.M. (2005). Generalized additive models for location, scale and shape,(with discussion), Appl. Statist., 54, part 3, pp 507-554, 10.1111/j.1467-9876.2005.00510.x.

Rigby, Robert & Stasinopoulos, Dm & Heller, Gillian & De Bastiani, Fernanda. (2019). Distributions for Modeling Location, Scale, and Shape: Using GAMLSS in R. 10.1201/9780429298547.

Stasinopoulos, Dm & Rigby, Robert & Heller, Gillian & Voudouris, Vlasios & De Bastiani, Fernanda. (2017). Flexible regression and smoothing: Using GAMLSS in R. 10.1201/b21973.

Stasinopoulos, Dm & Rigby, Robert. (2007). Generalized additive models for Location Scale and Shape (GAMLSS) in R. Journal of Statistical Software. 23. 10.18637/jss.v023.i07.

Klawitter, S. & Kacprowski, T. (2023). A visualization tool for continuous reference intervals based on GAMLSS. Journal of Laboratory Medicine. https://doi.org/10.1515/labmed-2023-0033

zlog

Hoffmann, G., Klawonn, F., Lichtinghagen, R. & Orth, M. (2017). The zlog value as a basis for the standardization of laboratory results. LaboratoriumsMedizin, 41(s1), 20170135. 10.1515/labmed-2017-0135

Bowley Skewness

Klawonn, F., Hoffmann, G., & Orth, M. (2020). Quantitative laboratory results: normal or lognormal distribution?, Journal of Laboratory Medicine, 44(3), 143-150. 10.1515/labmed-2020-0005.

reflimR

Hoffmann, G., Klawitter, S., Trulson, I., Adler, J., Holdenrieder, S., & Klawonn, F. (2024). A Novel Tool for the Rapid and Transparent Verification of Reference Intervals in Clinical Laboratories. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 13.

Klawonn, F., Hoffmann, G., Holdenrieder, S., & Trulson, I. (2024). reflimLOD: A Modified reflimR Approach for Estimating Reference Limits with Tolerance for Values Below the Lower Limit of Detection (LOD). Stats.

Georg Hoffmann & Frank Klawonn (2022).Überprüfung von Referenzintervallen: Schnelle Orientierung. https://www.trillium.de/zeitschriften/trillium-diagnostik/ausgaben-2022/td-heft-2/2022-immunologie/default-167018def5/ueberpruefung-von-referenzintervallen-schnelle-orientierung.html

Age partitioning

Klawitter, S., Böhm, J., Tolios, A. & Gebauer, J. (2024). Automated sex and age partitioning for the estimation of reference intervals using a regression tree model. Journal of Laboratory Medicine, 48(5), 223-237. https://doi.org/10.1515/labmed-2024-0083

Yang Q, Lew HY, Peh RH, Metz MP, Loh TP. An automated and objective method for age partitioning of reference intervals based on continuous centile curves. Pathology. 2016;48(6):581-585. 10.1016/j.pathol.2016.07.002.

Peng, Xiaoxia & Lv, Yaqi & Feng, Guoshuang & Peng, Yaguang & Li, Qiliang & Song, Wenqi & Ni, Xin. (2018). Algorithm on age partitioning for estimation of reference intervals using clinical laboratory database exemplified with plasma creatinine. Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (CCLM). 56. 10.1515/cclm-2017-1095.

Version

Older versions may also work, but full functionality is not guaranteed.